Pyrrophyta or fire algae (Dino Flagellata)

Pyrrophyta or fire algae (Dino Flagellata)

algae fire

Pyrrophyta or fire algae (Dino Flagellata) is a uniselular algae (single-celled) has a yellow brown color, but has two different flagellas, ribbon-shaped. It contains several pigments (chlorophyll A, C2 and pyridinine, but others have chlorophyll A, C1, C2 and fucosantin) that can photosynthesize. Only dinoflagellates have the ability to photosynthesise. the body is composed of one cell has a cell wall and can move actively.

Characteristics of dinoflagelates, only about half of dinoflagelata species that contain pigments that can photosynthesize, while others are hetertotropic. Only dinoflagelates capable of photosynthesis are discussed here. The presence of two pigmentation patterns is common to dinoflagelates. Many dinoflagelates have chlorophyll A and C2 and peridinin, while others have chlorophyll A, Ci and C2 and fucoxanthin. The existence of existing pigments on the other slightly dinoflagelated will be discussed later. Carbohydrates are stored as starch, but the presence of fat may be more important as a reserve.

The cell of dinofelgelatri is not surrounded by a wall but has an theca as the principal cell membrane, which consists of a puri tenury of cellulose. The nucleus and the koroplast have unusual properties. Most dinoflagelates are solitary biflage cells. Two basic types of teteh can be distinguished. Desmokontt memilild two anterior flagellates; one flagellum may be circling above the surface of the Dinokont cell having any lateral inserts; one flag is like a ribbon and circles the cell on a curve and the other flagellum develops best.

The type of dinikont cell is divided by the equatorial or corset curve into the epiconc and hypocone. The posterior flagellum develops to a spot of decline called the sulcus. The name of the dinoflagelata comes from the rotating motion of the swimming cell. Although most dinoflagelates are unicellular flagellates, colonies of flagellate cells, non-flagellate cells, palmelloid collection, and filaments are known. Nonflagelata vegetative cells show reproductive form of dinocont.

algae fire

A. General Characteristics of Pyrrophyta

1. Pyrrophyta is a unicellular algae with two different flagellas, in the form of a ribbon, out from the side of the abdomen in a channel.

2. Contains pigments (chlorophyll A, C2 and pyrimidine, while others have chlorophyll A, C1, C2 and fucosantin) that can photosynthesize.

3. Pyrrophyta is also called dinoflagellata where the body is composed of a single cell, has a cell wall and can move actively.

4. marine habitat is phosphorescence that has a phosphor that emits light, whose ability is called bioluminescent (can produce its own light).

5. The name of dinoflagellata comes from the rotating motion of the swimming cell. Although most dinoflagellates are unicellular flagellates, colonies of flagellate cells, non-flagellate cells, palmelloid collection, and filaments are known.

6. Food stock in the form of flour or oil.

7. On the outside there are gaps and grooves, each containing one flagel.

8. Breed with splitting.

9. Mostly live in the sea and some live in fresh water.

B. Habitat and Ecology

Pyrrophyta living sea water environment (mostly) but there is also in fresh water. Pyrrophyta. practically Dinoflagellates are part of the plankton, especially in warm conditions as additions, some species are benthic or occur in symbiotic events. Dinoflagellates have a large variety of nutrients, from tropical to heterotropic ragenutu in which there are also parasitic invertebrates and fish or other phagocyt algae. There are dinoflagellates that can photosynthesis but with it also he needed a vitamin called autotrops and that requires energy called heterotrops.

                                               

                       

C. Breeding of Phyrrophyta

Pyrrophyta multiply in 2 ways:

a. Asexually

That is with cell division. If a cell has a panser, it causes the shroud to break. It can also be a protoplast division that extends, then out two naked cells, then each make a panser again. After experiencing a zygote break that has a wall holding a reduction division, remove the naked twin cells.

With binary cleavage, that cell division by a child cell gets a portion of the stem cell (a child cell that forms a new wall). Example: Peridinium.

b. Sexually

in the cell will form 4 isogamet and all can do marriage between isogamet other. Sporik, ie with zoospores for example Gloeonidium and aplanospora (eg Gleonodinium). We can know the life cycle if between protista:

- Haplontic, where vegetative (ie feed and asexually active reproduction) is a haploid cell, which becomes the only zygote of diploid cells in the life cycle.

- The vegetative cell is diploid, the gamete being the only haploid cell in the life cycle.

- Diplohaplontik, where there is a distraction from the diploid and vegetative generations of haploid

algae fire

D. Role for Life

1. Phyrophyceae in small amounts as the constituent of sea plankton community, but more abundant in freshwater.

2. An interesting phenomenon produced by Pyrrophyceae is the ability of bioluminescence (the emission of light by the organism), which causes the sea to appear luminous at night.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anderson,dkk. 2010. Dinoflagellates: A Remarkable Evolutioniary Experriment.American Journal of Botany. 91(10).1523-1534.

Hasanudin, dkk. 2014. Botani Tumbuhan Rendah. Banda Aceh: Unsyiah.

Susyanti. 2011. Ganggang Api (Pyrrophyta). Blogger.