21 Types of Enzymes and Their Functions Complete with Fig
Enzymes are a protein molecule made from a chain of amino acids. Enzymes are produced by every living creature as an ingredient that serves to help the digestive process and the function of other organs. When our body lacks enzymes, then the body's metabolism will be affected so that makes health conditions decline. There are so many different kinds and types of enzymes that function in every organ of our body. On this occasion, we will discuss about the various enzymes and their functions clearly as a learning material for all of us.
Kinds of Enzymes and Their Functions
In the biological sciences - especially related to the digestive system, enzymes are grouped into several classes. Each enzyme class consists of several types of enzymes. The various enzymes in question are as follows:
1. Enzyme Groups Carbohydrase
Enzyme carbohydrase is a group of enzymes that function to break the saccharide chain in the process of digesting carbohydrates. Various kinds of enzymes that enter into this class include:
Pectinase enzyme is an enzyme that serves to break down petin into a pectin acid compound.
Maltose enzyme is an enzyme that serves to break down maltose into glucose compound.
Amylase enzyme is an enzyme that serves to break down the starch or polysaccharides into maltose compounds, ie disaccharide compounds.
Sucrose enzyme is an enzyme that works to break down sucrose into glucose and fructose compounds.
Lactose enzyme is an enzyme that works to break down lactose compounds into glucose and galactose compounds.
Cellulose enzyme is an enzyme that serves to break down cellulose or polysaccharides into cellulose or disaccharide compounds.
2. Protease Enzyme Group
Protease enzyme is a class of enzymes that function in the process of protein digestion. Various kinds of enzymes that enter into this class include:
Peptidase enzyme is an enzyme that serves to break down peptide compounds into amino acid compounds.
Enzyme renin is an enzyme that serves to break down casein compounds and milk.
Trypsin enzyme is an enzyme that serves to break down peptone into amino acid compounds.
Galactase enzyme is an enzyme that works to break down gelatin compounds.
Enzyme entrokinase is an enzyme that serves to break down the peptone compound into amino acid amino acid.
3. Enzyme Group Esterase
Enzyme esterase is a class of enzymes that function in decomposing ester compounds. Various kinds of enzymes that enter into this class include:
Lipase enzyme plays a role in breaking fat into glycerol compounds and also fatty acids.
The phosphatase enzyme plays a role in breaking down an ester and promoting the release of phosphoric acid.
In addition to being classified according to the type of compounds it decomposes, enzymes are also classified according to metabolic processes or catalyzed type of chemical reactions. Various kinds of enzymes in question include:
Enzyme catalase is an enzyme that functions in helping convert hydrogen peroxide to H2O (water) and O2 (Oxygen).
Enzyme oxidase is an enzyme that accelerates the incorporation of oxygen (O2) to a particular substrate while simultaneously reducing oxygen (O2) to form water (H2O).
Carbosylase enzymes are enzymes that function in converting organic acids back and forth. For example: convert pyruvic acid into assetidehide aided by pyruvate carbosylase.
The desmolase enzyme is an enzyme that functions in assisting the removal / bonding of carbon bonds. Example: aldolase changed in fructose splitting into glyceraldehyde and dehydroxyacetone
Peroxide enzyme is an enzyme that works in assisting oxidation of phenolic compounds, while from oxygen used, taken from H2O2.
Enzyme hydrase is an enzyme that works to increase or decrease water (H2O) from certain compounds without causing the compound to decompose.
Enzyme dehydrogenase is an enzyme that functions in transferring hydrogen from a substance to another substance.
The enzyme transphosphorylase is an enzyme that functions in transferring H3PO4 from one molecule to another molecule aided by Mg2 + ions.
Thus the exposure to the various enzymes and their functions. Keep in mind that these enzymes can be found throughout the human body. In accordance with its properties, each of these enzymes work on a particular substrate whether that is acidic or alkaline. May be useful.
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