Divisio Cryptophyta, A common feature, Structure, Reproduction, Classification, Distribution, Role for life

Divisio Cryptophyta

 Plankton are small organisms that live in the pond water and its movement follows the movement of water masses. Based on how to obtain their food divided Atasa plankton: phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton inside there are several divisions, one of which Cryptophyta division.

Cryptophyta are a group of unicellular unique. This group is a eukaryotic, which has the esophagus. All of these species have flagella, motile, and have one or two chloroplasts and has clorophyl a and c, phycocyanin and phycoeretrin as well as some of the carotenoid that gives a brownish color on their bodies. Can perform photosynthesis or survive by using bacteria. Generally not used as feed in aquaculture environment, however, the wild population is food for rotifers, clams, oysters and shrimp larvae.
In this paper will discuss the general characteristics, structure, classification, and the reproductive system Cryptophyta.

A.    A common feature

1. Cryptophyta is a single-celled algae that has two flagella are used for swimming.
2. Have a photosynthetic pigment consists of chlorophyll a and b as in plants, carotenoids and some xantofil.
3. A relatively small group, but the ecological and evolutionary importance.
Examples: Phytoplankton habitat in the freshwater and marine environments.
4. Reserves foods such as starch, cell wall composed of cellulose, xylan, manan, some not-walled cells, and has a 1-8 flagella fruit.
5. This Biota has shaped asymmetric cell dorsiventral and body surrounded by periplast.
6. A pair of flagella appear at the ventral and is a form of an extension of a hallway, which originate at the anterior end of the cell. Examples of flagella Cryptomonas ovate
7. flagella can be sized equal or unequal length, behave homodinamik or heterodinamik, such as hard and soft hair as flagella on Chrysophyta or Phaeophyta
8. Biota has a clear pigmentation. Nevertheless there is also a colorless biota.
9. The color pigmentation caused biota of red, blue, yellow, brown or green.
10. The pigment color change can occur. For example: Chroomonas salina red when young, but after parents tend to be colored green.
11. The chloroplast is surrounded by four layers of the membrane. Two of the innermost layer is a shell of the strong to protect the chloroplast. Two of the outermost layer is the chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum (CER).

B.     Structure

Cryptophyta elliptical and have two flagella. Cryptophyta has a unique cell cover, called periplast containing ejektosomonas (also called trichocysts), tightly coiled strands of protein that also contains toxins. Ejektosomones a defense mechanism. A cell may issue ejektosomones if it feels threatened by predators, such as zooplanker. Ejektosomones distracting and give Cryptophyta time to swim away.
Cryptophyta can eat prey (heterotrophic) or use photosynthesis (autotrophic) to obtain energy for cells. Different cells because pitur on feriplast called a groove. In the groove, or throat more ejektosome. The cells are capable of ingesting (eating) or protoctists bacteria and toxins from ejektosome subjugate or kill their prey. Photosynthesizing cells use and aksesari pigment chlorophyll. Cryptophyta have additional pigment alpha-carotene, cryptoxanthin and alloxanthi.

C.     Reproduction

Cryptophyta reproductive system is divided into two stages: Asexual reproduction and Reproduction seksuals
1. Asexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction is done Cryptophyta division through mitosis. Mitosis is the division of body cells. Cells also undergo cytokinesis that is, a process of division of the cytoplasm of the posterior end. Plastid and nucleomorph in for before mitosis, nucleomorph move to opposite ends of the plastid.
Asexual reproduction Cryptophyta division is done by splitting cells longitudinally / longitudinal / vertical. Asexual reproduction / vegetative occurs either when the cells under conditions of motile or in a rest phase.
For having two flagella, can occur one daughter cells carrying both long flagella and lin daughter cells will produce new flagella or may occur daughter cells each carrying one flagella and then each will produce a more flagella.

2. Sexual reproduction
In general, sexual reproduction of cryptophyta division still has not been well studied or sometimes reports of reproduction has not been confirmed by either.
Sexual reproduction Cryptophyta divisions namely through the male gamete cell join / unite with a female gamete cell of the same size (isogamy). Then came the cell fusion (fusion) and formed zygote subsequently undergo ineiosis and into a new individual. Examples genus Cryptomonos.

D. Classification

Kingdom        : Plantae
Division          : Cryptophyta
Class               : Cryptopiceae
Genus             : Crryptomonas
Species           : - Cryptomonas ovate
- Major Cryptomonas
- Chroomonas salina
- Chilomonas paramecium

E. Distribution

1. The fresh water and sea.
2. freshwater lakes, ponds and ditches, especially in the cold waters. The dominant species in some Antarctic lakes. Also found in the water interestial sandy shore.

F. Role for life
1. Through photosynthesis prose, chlorella transform carbon dioxide (CO2) into oxygen (O2). In the human body, this oxidation process to clean the network of cells and the bloodstream.
2. Most cell Crypto sorokiniana cell chlorella can be digested; 95% of the gastrointestinal process performed by the body less than 2 hours. Compare with other products that take up to 5 hours.
3. Crypto chlorella contains large amounts of protein which is balanced by the amino acid composition.
4. Crypto chlorella have vitamins and minerals along with phytonutrients active in large amounts, sources of nutrients rich in DNA and RNA that can help rejuvenate the body structure of the cell.
5. Crypto chlorella contains chlorophyll (green) and phycocyanin (blue) in large quantities. Chlorophyll is known to filter blood. Phycocyanin is an anti-oxidant that is very strong and DAPT is used to protect the liver (liver) and kidneys.
6. Crypto chlorella has the ability to transform cells much acid into the neutral condition. Acid cell condition that can make a person susceptible to disease.
7. Crypto chlorella is the level of immune boosters (immune system) is very strong.

Tweet

Sign up here with your email address to receive updates from this blog in your inbox.