CLASSICAL THEORY OF ORGANIZATION
There is a theory along with administration techniques that can be used as guidance in each organization that will be managed seriously. Industrial Famed French in the year (1841 - 1925) Fayol Hemi. In his book, Administration Industrielle et Generale (Industrial and General Administration). In the book describes a theory of administration ie management into five elements, namely planning, organizing, giving the command, coordination and supervision. The fifth element called functionalism Fayol as divided based on management activities and functions.
Then Fayol began to divide the company's operations into six activities, which are interrelated and six distinct advantage. Such activities are (1) the technique - the production and manufacturing of products, (2) Commercial: purchase of raw materials and sales of products (3) finance (financial): the acquisition and use of capital, (4) security: the protection of employees and wealth, ( 5) accounting: reporting and recording fees; earnings and debt, the balance sheet manufacture, and the collection of statistical data, and (6) management.
Then there expressed Fayol 14 principles used in the management, which has a very important utility in the management of a large organization. as follows :
1. The division of labor: make it easier to get the job effectively and efficiently.
2. Authority: is a very important where there are command and there were obeyed.
3. Discipline: is an obedience in carrying out a mandate (task) given nice.
4. Unity of command: where the boss or bosses give orders in the form of specific activities that must be followed and practiced by all employees.
5. Unity briefing: in terms of activities and operations within an enterprise organization generally will be directed by a manager to ensure the goals of the final result should be the same.
6. Laying down individual interests in the public interest: the interest of the organization is the common interest and should be prioritized due to mutual advantage.
7. Remuneration: a thing that should be done by any professional organization for respect for the hard work worker or owner with compensation for work performed should be fair to good.
8. Centralization: the right balance between centralization and decentralization.
9. Scalar chain (line of authority): outline that must be followed in an organization and imperial clear.
10. Order: either resource material: material (material) nor people: people and should be used as best as possible in the condition of the place and the right time. Examples are often visible, resources employees should be placed in position that fits the characteristics and expertise.
11. Justice: there must be similarities treatment within the organization.
12. The stability of the organization's staff: the level of high labor turnover is not good for the implementation of organizational functions.
13. Initiative: is a matter of peru diperhataikan, freedom for every employee must be given in order to perform their duties properly even if some mistake happens to be tolerated.
14. Esprit de Corps (esprit de corps. "Unity is strength", every member of the company or organization must have the spirit of the corps, loyalty, pride in executing each operation are given.
executive of General Motors, categorize the basic principles of a particular management. He defines the organization as a group of two or more persons who join for a particular purpose. According to Mooney, to design the organization to consider four basic rules: (1) coordination: the terms of coordination covering authority, serve one another, doktriri (formulation purposes) and discipline, (2) the principle of scalar: scalar process mempunya.i principle, prospects and its own influence as reflected in the leadership, delegation and functional definition, (3) the functional principle: the functionalism assortment of different tasks, and (4) the principle of staff: a clear distinction between staff and line.
in bridging and
connecting the two theories of the classical theory of the human relations
conducted by two important figures that Follett and Barnard, both have
outstanding ideas based on classical framework so as to introduce new elements
that are used in human relationships. Not without reason the new ideas
introduced by Follett, from the profile he is an expert in social sciences
first to apply psychology in the company, industry and government. And a lot of
impact in the field of social science applications and management practices
used in the administration of the company. He writes clearly and in detail how
tasks and relationships between managers and subordinates, coordination and
conflict resolution. Follett thinking about solving problems and conflicts that
occur in the enterprise can be made constructive use of the integration process
in which there are differences of opinion and ideas in solving the problems
faced by a variety of solutions provided between them. And Follett also
explained clearly on the manager's job in organizing all the activities with
great coordination in the ideal organizational pattern so that all employees
can are controlled properly.
Chaster L.Barnard (1886 - 1961), was a writer of greeting subjeck wide range of management, he was also president of the Bell Telephone company in New Jersey, in his book The Functions of the Executive which was written in 1938. The organization is a system of activities designed such a way that can be directed at the ultimate goal which is advantageous. In management there is the main function in regulating the management system of an organization, in the view of Barnard formulating objectives and procurement of resources-resources needed to achieve the goal is the main function
In addition to ensuring that each communications system subordinates and superiors DAPT goes well Barnard stressed the importance of communications equipment, for the achievement of group goals. There is also a theory that is very important in the governance of each employee, it is a theoretical acceptance of the authority. According to his theory, all superior orders will be carried out by each employee when the order is considered a logical and understandable and will accept it if he is able melaksakan or have the desire to obey superiors. Barnard is a pioneer in the use of "systems approach" to managing the organization.
Chaster L.Barnard (1886 - 1961), was a writer of greeting subjeck wide range of management, he was also president of the Bell Telephone company in New Jersey, in his book The Functions of the Executive which was written in 1938. The organization is a system of activities designed such a way that can be directed at the ultimate goal which is advantageous. In management there is the main function in regulating the management system of an organization, in the view of Barnard formulating objectives and procurement of resources-resources needed to achieve the goal is the main function
In addition to ensuring that each communications system subordinates and superiors DAPT goes well Barnard stressed the importance of communications equipment, for the achievement of group goals. There is also a theory that is very important in the governance of each employee, it is a theoretical acceptance of the authority. According to his theory, all superior orders will be carried out by each employee when the order is considered a logical and understandable and will accept it if he is able melaksakan or have the desire to obey superiors. Barnard is a pioneer in the use of "systems approach" to managing the organization.
0 Response to "CLASSICAL THEORY OF ORGANIZATION and 14 principles used in the management"
Post a Comment