A. General
Characteristics
Subclass subclass
Magnoliidae is a variation of unique characteristics. Among the flowers Jewelry
is perigonium, some sudaha da
is all of this was
dashed two subclass (dicots) there is still a characteristic of the nature of
this antiquity can be seen from the morphology or anatomy and is not closely
related to the more advanced group of distinguishable between sepals with
petal, some already reduced from its interest and has no interest jewelry. When
viewed from the primitiveness of this subclass is that the majority is
uniaperture, gynoeciumnya apocarpus and centripetal berstamen many in the
series.
Another
characteristic flowering plants.
In terms of
related sciences such as Biochemistry, this subclass described has important
elements such substances or aporphine benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, is part of a
secondary metabolite in the body's defense function as the plant itself and
rarely occurs in other groups. There are several other substances such as
substance tanniferous, betalains, iridoid compounds, or mustard oil. But rarely
in this Magnoliidae.
Most of the plants
have characteristics such as deciduous trees and shrubs while habitusnya, such
as the annual tree (perennial), herbs and some annual plants. Some of the Order
of the subclass have its own characteristics such as trees, shrubs, and vines
that Laurales, Illiciales, and ranunculales and containing herbal is
aristolochiales. Nymphaeales classified in water plants. whereas Papaverales
only herbs and shrubs soft-wooded. Piperales contains trees, shrubs, and herbs.
B.
Classification (Taxonomy)
Subclass
Magnoliidae has 8 order that each of them there are about 12,000 species.
The
eighth order is magnoliales, Laurales, piperales, aristolochiales. Illiclales,
Nymphales,
ranunculales,
and Papverales.
1.
Order magnoliales
michelia
campaca
|
Some
characteristic of these plants are:
a.
Habitusnya beripa woody shrubs, not accompanied by Stipule, there are some who
have
Stipule
great,
and
pertulangan pinnate leaves.
b.
Sex is Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, aktinomorf, generally with flower
decoration can
be
separated between the petals and crown,
do
not get me wrong there are also some species that have no leaves tepal with
large scale and
arranged
in a spiral and there is no clear distinction between the petals and crown ,
c.
In Stamen found in considerable amounts, and their designations in a spiral
extended day regular
basis
of interest.
Will
the same amount of fruit too much. The fruit is fruit type kendaga, no brackets
fruit,
or
berry fruit is the fruit of a double flocking disetai types of marginal
placenta and apokarp.
d.
In seeds there is encountered a lot of endosperm and small-sized institutions,
and trees.
Order
of Laurales, piperales, and canellales, magnoliales form a clade magnoliidae
and
used
in other branches of trees early evolution of angiosperms.
e.
Magnoliales family consists of 5, 154 genera and about 3,000 species.
Namely
his family Annonaceae, Myristicaceae, Magnoliaceae, degeneriaceae,
Euphorbiaceae,
and himantandraceae.
2.
Order Laurales
 |
E.
zwageri
|
The
second is an order Laurales which has 7 family, with 91 genera, approximately
2,900
species.
Habitus in the form of trees, shrubs, vines or woody type. General location in
the
tropics
and warm,
and
very numerous in the stable area humid climate. Lots mamfaat of plants of this
order
as
the wood is used for drugs such as camphor extracts, and essential oils for
fragrance,
and
some are important ornamental.
Members
of Laurales have cirikhas namely woodiness, aromatic odor, and on the
leaf
blade
kebatang network. Magnoliales, piperales, and canellales, Laurales form a
clade
magnoliids,
used for tree branches early evolution of angiosperms.
F
Laurales group of atherospermataceae, Calycanthaceae, Gomortegaceae,
hernandiaceae,
Lauraceae,
monimiaceae, and siparunaceae. Lauraceae and monimiaceae together very
important
part in the evolution of this branch.
3. Order
aristolochiales
Wet
or woody plants , a single leaf , dispersed without stipules or in the form of
a loop plant
parasit.Perianthium
generally petaloid.Ovarium pda generally inferum , 3-6 room with axillary
placenta
or bears 1 with parietal placenta .
aristolochiaceae
1.
wet or woody plants , usually shrubs or lianas , there are also cells of oil
2.
The single leaves , without stipules lying scattered
3.
single flower in the group , lies in the axillary or inf racemosa , bisexualis
actinomorphus
or
zigomorphus . Perianthium be calyx 3 lobus.Stamen 6-36 ,
separated
or forming a united tube with a stylus . Pistilum 1
ovarian inferum or semiinferum
,
carpellum 4-6 with the same amount of space . Stylus 1 stigma as carpellum
4.
Fruit capsule , seeds with a small embryo and endosperm
one
example of species
Kingdom
: Plantae
Division
: Magnoliophyta
Class
: Magnoliopsida
Order:
aristolochiales
Family:
aristolochiaceae
Genus
: Aristolochia
Species
: Aristolochia debile Sieb.Et Zucc
4. Order
ranunculales
The
characteristics of the Order Policarpiace ( ranunculales or Ranales ) consists
of
plants
with woody stems .
The
main characteristics of this order is the presence of free fruit leaves on the
flower,
so
that from one flower can then form a lot of fruit .
Nature
is what caused the group is named Polycarpicae ( from the Greek ,
poly
= many , carpos = fruit ) .
c. Bibliography
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